MLwiN manuals


Web versions


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printer image Print versions (use these if you intend to print the manuals)


The print version has been optimised for black and white printing. However the content (and page numbering) is the same as the web versions.


Other MLwiN manuals



Referencing the MLwiN software and manuals


MLwiN software

If you have used the software in published work, please use the following citations:

MLwiN Version 3.10

Charlton, C., Rasbash, J., Browne, W.J., Healy, M. and Cameron, B. (2024) MLwiN Version 3.10.  Centre for Multilevel Modelling, University of Bristol.

MLwiN Version 2.10

Rasbash, J., Charlton, C., Browne, W.J., Healy, M. and Cameron, B. (2009) MLwiN Version 2.10.  Centre for Multilevel Modelling, University of Bristol.

MLwiN Version 2.02

Rasbash, J., Charlton, C., Browne, W.J., Healy, M. and Cameron, B. (2005) MLwiN Version 2.02. Centre for Multilevel Modelling, University of Bristol.

Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) estimation

If you are using MCMC estimation methods, we ask that you additionally cite:

Browne, W.J. (2022) MCMC Estimation in MLwiN, v3.06.  Centre for Multilevel Modelling, University of Bristol.

Referencing MLwiN Manuals

You may want to reference material in the manuals. If so the correct references are:

Rasbash, J., Steele, F., Browne, W.J. and Goldstein, H. (2023) A User’s Guide to MLwiN, v3.07. Centre for Multilevel Modelling, University of Bristol.

Rasbash, J., Charlton, C., Jones, K. and Pillinger, R. (2023) Manual Supplement to MLwiN v3.07. Centre for Multilevel Modelling, University of Bristol.

Browne, W.J. (2023) MCMC Estimation in MLwiN, v3.07.  Centre for Multilevel Modelling, University of Bristol.

We believe that the older materials, marked with this symbol - old mlwin logo, are still valuable and that the majority of what they contain is still true, but note that for example they may refer to an earlier version of MLwiN or other software, and they may not reflect the most up-to-date methodological developments.

Note: some of the documents on this page are in PDF format. In order to view a PDF you will need Adobe Acrobat Reader

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