The social care sector needs to focus on gender-specific social and sexual needs when looking after men with debilitating long-term health conditions, a new study has found.
Researchers at the University of Bristol looked at the views of 20 men, aged from 21 to 33, who have Duchenne muscular dystrophy - a life-limiting neuromuscular disease which gradually causes the muscles to weaken.
The study, funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) School for Social Care Research (SSCR), is being presented at the Disability Studies Conference in Lancaster today [9 September] and reveals that men sometimes found that social care took no account of their male gender and they wanted more support with social activities and sexual relationships.
One participant said: "I think the actual impact of social care can be incredibly emasculating, if it is set up in such a way that it takes away your independence and your autonomy. It's not even gender neutral, because gender's not even in there."
Aspects of life that the men found challenging and would welcome more support with included:
- difficulties in attracting sexual/intimate partners;
- barriers to obtaining paid work;
- questions about moving out of the family home relating to care, support and loneliness;
- restrictions on a social life linked to shortage or inflexibility of support arrangements;
- concerns about physical appearance and muscularity.
Social care staff should give cues to show that such topics are not off-limits, prompting men to feel able to discuss issues of concern.
Professor David Abbott, from the Norah Fry Research Centre at the University of Bristol, said: "This group of men is just one example of people living with long-term conditions who need good quality social care. Having support to dress and wash obviously matters but what about life enhancing activities - sex, relationships, fun, risk – why are these off limits? Imagine if being the man you wanted to be meant you needed flexible and imaginative social care support. Imagine if you didn’t have this.
"The men we spoke to wanted to be treated like men, despite their increasing reliance on physical support. A headline message for the social care sector is to think about gender and the whole range of social and sexual needs men living with long-term conditions may have."
A short film based on the research findings is available to view on YouTube.
Further information
About the study
The study took place between October 2012 and April 2014. David Abbott & Dr. Marcus Jepson at Bristol worked with Dr. Jon Hastie a researcher and activist living with DMD and the study was also supported by the Duchenne Family Support Group. Twenty men with DMD were recruited to the study and participants were from a whole range of geographical locations across England including both urban and rural settings. They ranged in age from 21-33.
About the Norah Fry Research Centre
Founded in 1988, the Norah Fry Research Centre is one of the leading centres in the UK for research into disability issues. Research studies at the centre are based on a social model of disability, attempting to support disabled people and their families in identifying and tackling the barriers they face. Its principal interests are in the area of social, educational and policy-related research. The centre aims to make a positive difference to the lives of disabled children, young people and adults. It is part of the School for Policy Studies at the University of Bristol.
About the Duchenne Family Support Group (DFSG)
The DFSG is a national charity run by families for families affected by DMD. It provides a positive national support network of parents, their families and professionals. Since it was founded in 1987, the DFSG has helped to bring families together for mutual support, sharing of information and experience, and social activities.
About the NIHR
The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) is funded by the Department of Health to improve the health and wealth of the nation through research. Since its establishment in April 2006, the NIHR has transformed research in the NHS. It has increased the volume of applied health research for the benefit of patients and the public, driven faster translation of basic science discoveries into tangible benefits for patients and the economy, and developed and supported the people who conduct and contribute to applied health research. The NIHR plays a key role in the Government’s strategy for economic growth, attracting investment by the life-sciences industries through its world-class infrastructure for health research. Together, the NIHR people, programmes, centres of excellence and systems represent the most integrated health research system in the world. For further information, visit the NIHR website.
About the NIHR SSCR
The NIHR School for Social Care Research was established in May 2009 to develop the evidence base for adult social care practice in England and so help to improve the quality of care and support experienced by individuals and families. SSCR is conducting and commissioning high-quality (‘world class’) research to produce new knowledge (including, where appropriate, reviews and syntheses of existing evidence) to inform the development of adult social care practice in England. Phase I (2009-2014) was a partnership between London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), King’s College London and the Universities of Kent, Manchester and York. Phase II (2014-2019) is a partnership between LSE and the Universities of Bristol, Kent, Manchester and York. For further information, visit the SSCR website.
This study reports on independent research funded by the NIHR School for Social Care Research. The views expressed in this presentation are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR School for Social Care Research or the Department of Health/NIHR.