A. Motility related

1. Briefly summarise control of the motor and secretory activities of the gasrtointestinal tract by the enteric nervous system and by the sympathetic and parasympatheic innervation.
2. What are slow waves? What are the relationships among slow waves, action potentials and contractions of GI muscle?
3. Describe the regulation of gastric emptying by chemical stimuli in the duodenum
4. Contrast the contractile activity of the small intestine of a fed individual with that of a fasted person.

B. Secretions of the GI tract

1. Describe the 'two-stage' model of salivary secretion.
2. What cells if the stomach have important secretory functions? What do they secrete?
3. Summarise the control of gastric acid secretion during the cephalic, gastric and intestinal phases.
4. Describe how parietal cells secrete HCl.

C. Absorption in the GI tract

1. What are the mechanisms for absorption of monosaccharides by intestinal epithelial cells.
2. How do the intestinal epithelial cells at the tips of the villi differ from those in the crypts of Leiberkuhn in the transport of electrolytes and water? Describe the cellular ion transport mechanisms in the crypt cells.
3. Describe the cellular mechanisms of Ca²⁺ absorption in the small intestine.
4. Describe how vitamin B₁₂ is absorbed? How is the stomach involved?
5. Describe the cellular mechanisms that diminish iron absorption when iron levels are high and that increase iron absorption in an iron-depleted individual.