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| TECHNIQUE: | STAINS FOR: |
| Alcian blue | acid mucins (proteoglycans) |
| Alcian blue/PAS | acid and neutral mucins |
| Alcian blue/safranine | different types of mast cell |
| Aldehyde fuchsin | pancreatic islet cells |
| Alizarin red | calcium deposits |
| Barrett's | pituitary cells |
| Carbol chromotrope | eosinophils |
| Congo red | amyloid |
| Csaba | see alcian blue/safranine |
| Dunn/Thompson | haemoglobin casts |
| EVG (elastin van Gieson) | elastin (see Miller's) |
| Fontana | melanin (see Masson/Fontana) |
| Fouchet | bile pigments |
| Giemsa | blood cells, parasites |
| Gomori hexamine silver (also called methenamine silver) | basement membranes |
| Gordon & Sweets | reticulin |
| Gram or Gram/Twort | bacteria |
| Grimelius | argyrophil cells |
| Grocott hexamine silver | fungi |
| HVG (haematoxylin van Gieson) | collagen, muscle |
| HID/AB (high iron diamine/alcian blue) | sulphated and carboxylated mucins |
| Leishman | blood cells, parasites |
| Luxol fast blue/cresyl violet | myelin, nissl substance (CNS) |
| MGP (methyl green pyronin) | DNA, RNA |
| MPTAH (Mallory's phosphotungstic acid haematoxylin) | all tissue components (metachromatic) |
| MSB (martius scarlet blue) | fibrin, connective tissue |
| Macchiavello | rickettsiae, viral inclusions |
| Masson/Fontana | melanin |
| Miller's | elastin |
| Naumenko/Feigin | astrocytes |
| Oil red O | fat (frozen sections) |
| PAS (periodic acid Schiff) | carbohydrates |
| Perl's Prussian blue | ferric iron |
| Permanganate bleach | removes melanin |
| Phloxine/tartrazine | viral inclusions |
| Rubeanic acid | copper |
| Safranine O/fast green | cartilage |
| Schmorl | lipofuscin |
| Sirius red | amyloid |
| Solochrome cyanin | myelin (non CNS) |
| Toluidine blue | mast cells |
| Toluidine blue | amyloid |
| Turnbull | ferrous iron |
| Von Kossa | calcium |
| Warthin/Starry | Tyzzer's disease, spirochaetes |
| Wade/Fite | leprosy bacilli |
| Weigert/van Gieson | see HVG |
| ZN (Ziehl/Neelsen) | TB bacilli |