Professor João Zilhão
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Department of Archaeology and Anthropology |
Short Biographical Note
Born in 1957, João Zilhão is professor of Palaeolithic Archaeology at the University of Bristol. Prior to his current appointment, he taught at the University of Lisbon, and on a temporary basis at the Universities of Paris I and Bordeaux I. In January 1996, he was appointed by the Portuguese government to set up the Côa Valley Archaeological Park, to co-ordinate the scientific research carried out to establish the chronology of the valley’s Palaeolithic rock art, and to prepare the nomination of the site for World Heritage status (eventual listing date, December 1998). Between May 1997 and May 2002, he created and directed the Instituto Português de Arqueologia (IPA), a department of the Ministry of Culture for the supervision of archaeological activity in the country. In 1998, he directed the salvage excavation of the Early Upper Paleolithic child burial of Lagar Velho (Portugal) and, in 2004-2005, the archaeological excavations at the Peştera cu Oase (Romania), site of Europe’s earliest modern humans. He was the Conference Organizer for the year 2000 Annual Meeting of the European Association of Archaeologists, held in Lisbon, and was a member of its Executive Board between 2003 and 2006. In 2003, he was the recipient of a Humboldt Foundation Research Award (host institution: University of Cologne) in recognition of “past achievements in teaching and research.” In 2005, he was the recipient of the London Prehistoric Society’s Europa Prize, in recognition of his “significant and enduring contribution to the study of European prehistory.”
Research Interests
- Late Neandertals and Early Modern Humans
- Upper Palaeolithic Art and Culture
- The Mesolithic-Neolithic Transition in Europe
Ongoing field projects
- Palaeolithic Archaeology of the Almonda Karstic System (Torres Novas, Portugal)
The Almonda river flows out of a karstic spring located at the base of a ca.75 m high rock face, part of a fault escarpment that separates Portuguese Estremadura’s Central Limestone Massif from the Tertiary Basin of the Tagus. The history of the incision of the underground river left a labyrinthine network of fossil galleries found at different elevations above the spring. Over the last 20 years, the corresponding collapsed entrances have been located from the inside. One of these, the Gruta da Oliveira, was re-opened for excavation, began in 1991 and ongoing, of a >6 m-thick Middle Palaeolithic sequence rich in artefacts, features, and animal and human remains.
- The Middle Palaeolithic sequence of Cueva Antón (Mula, Murcia, Spain)
In 1991, archaeological mitigation work undertaken in this rock shelter prior to raising of the La Cierva dam, originally built in the 1920s, exposed a >4-m-thick fluviatile sequence containing OIS-3 Mousterian occupations. The remains of human use of the site consist of hearth features, stone tools and animal bones accumulated in the framework of short stays, and are contained in fine sands deposited by low-energy flooding of the shelter by the Mula River. The aims of ongoing work are the area excavation of these high-integrity living floors, as well as the detailed reconstruction of regional paleoenvironments based on the sediments and their abundant charcoal, pollen, mollusc and microfaunal content. -
Upper Palaeolithic rock shelters in the Rambla Perea (Mula, Murcia, Spain)
After two field seasons (2007-2008), the two adjacent rock shelters of Finca de Doña Martina and La Boja revealed stratified Solutreogravettian, Solutrean and Gravettian occupations containing abundant lithics, ornaments, structured features (hearths), and charcoal. Ongoing work aims at completing the area excavation of Finca de Doña Martina and the testing to bedrock of La Boja. Given the potential thickness of the fill, it is expected that the stratigraphy of La Boja will go back to the earlier Upper and possibly even the later Middle Palaeolithic. Combined, the two sites extend into OIS-2 times the rich behavioural and paleoenvironmental record of nearby Cueva Antón.
Main Publications
Main and recent publications are listed below, grouped by major research topics, followed by links to the corresponding *.pdf files. Due to copyright reasons, some of the links point to the websites of the publishers. For those without access, copies can be sent as e-mail attachments, upon request.
- Late Neanderthals and Early Modern Humans
- Middle to Upper Palaeolithic Transition in Iberia
- Upper Palaeolithic of Europe
- Mesolithic-Neolithic Transition
- History and Theory of Archaeology
- Public Archaeology
- Almonda Karstic System
- Côa Valley
- Lagar Velho
- Peştera cu Oase
Late Neanderthals and Early Modern Humans
ZILHÃO, J. (2009) — Szeletian, not Aurignacian: A review of the chronology and cultural associations of the Vindija G1 Neandertals, in CAMPS, M.; CHAUHAN, P. (eds.) — «A Sourcebook of Paleolithic Transitions», New York, Springer, p. 407-426.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2008) — Modernos y Neandertales en la transición del Paleolítico Medio al Superior en Europa. «Espacio, Tiempo y Forma. Serie I, Nueva época. Prehistoria y Arqueología», 1, p. 47-57.
PDF (559 Kb)
ZILHÃO J.; D’ERRICO, F.; BORDES, J.-G.; LENOBLE, A.; TEXIER, J.-P.; RIGAUD, J.-Ph. (2008) — Grotte des Fées (Châtelperron): History of Research, Stratigraphy, Dating, and Archaeology of the Châtelperronian Type-Site. «Paleoanthropology», p. 1-42.
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ZILHÃO J.; D’ERRICO, F.; BORDES, J.-G.; LENOBLE, A.; TEXIER, J.-P.; RIGAUD, J.-Ph. (2008) — Like Hobbes’ Chimney Birds. «Paleoanthropology», p. 65-67.
PDF (264 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J. (2007) — The emergence of ornaments and art: an archaeological perspective on the origins of behavioural “modernity”. «Journal of Archaeological Research», 15, p. 1-54.
PDF (1389 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J. (2007) — The Neanderthals: human ancestors or aliens from outer time?«re: search», 14, p. 8-10.
PDF (2186 Kb)
ZILHÃO J.; D’ERRICO, F.; BORDES, J.-G.; LENOBLE, A.; TEXIER, J.-P.; RIGAUD, J.-Ph. (2007) — La grotte des Fées (Châtelperron, Allier) ou une interstratification «Châtelperronien-Aurignacien» illusoire. Histoire des fouilles, stratigraphie et datations. «Paleo», 19, p. 391-432.
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BAR-YOSEF, O.; ZILHÃO, J. (eds.) (2006) — Towards a Definition of the Aurignacian, Trabalhos de Arqueologia 45, Lisboa, American School of Prehistoric Research/Instituto Português de Arqueologia, 380 pages.
PDF (7465 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J. (2006) — Aurignacian, Behavior, Modern. Issues of Definition in the Emergence of the European Upper Paleolithic, in BAR-YOSEF, O.; ZILHÃO, J. (eds.) — «Towards a Definition of the Aurignacian», Trabalhos de Arqueologia 45, Lisboa, American School of Prehistoric Research/Instituto Português de Arqueologia, p. 53-69.
PDF (179 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J. (2006) — Genes, Fossils and Culture. An Overview of the Evidence for Neandertal-Modern Human Interaction and Admixture. «Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society», 72, p. 1-20.
PDF (224 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J. (2006) — Neandertals and Moderns Mixed, and It Matters. «Evolutionary Anthropology», 15, p. 183-195.
PDF (546 Kb)
ZILHÃO J.; D’ERRICO, F.; BORDES, J.-G.; LENOBLE, A.; TEXIER, J.-P.; RIGAUD, J.-Ph. (2006) — Analysis of Aurignacian interstratification at the Châtelperronian-type site and implications for the behavioral modernity of Neandertals. «Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA», 103, p. 12643-12648.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2004) — La emergencia del hombre moderno y la extinción de los Neandertales. Los modelos y su contrastación, in EGOCHEAGA, J. E. (ed.) — «Biología de poblaciones humanas: diversidad, tiempo, espacio», Oviedo, Universidad de Oviedo, p. 57-64.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2004) — The Neandertals have turned out to be related to us, after all. «Humboldt Kosmos», 84, p. 30.
PDF (111 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J.; D’ERRICO, F. (2003) — An Aurignacian “Garden of Eden” in southern Germany? An alternative interpretation of the Geissenklösterle and a critique of the Kulturpumpe model. «Paleo», 15, p. 69-86.
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ZILHÃO, J.; D’ERRICO, F. (eds.) (2003) — The Chronology of the Aurignacian and of the Transitional Technocomplexes. Dating, Stratigraphies, Cultural Implications, Trabalhos de Arqueologia 33, Lisboa, Instituto Português de Arqueologia, 356 pages.
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ZILHÃO, J.; D’ERRICO, F. (2003) — The chronology of the Aurignacian and Transitional technocomplexes. Where do we stand?, in ZILHÃO, J.; D’ERRICO, F. (eds.) — «The Chronology of the Aurignacian and of the Transitional Technocomplexes. Dating, Stratigraphies, Cultural Implications», Trabalhos de Arqueologia 33, Lisboa, Instituto Português de Arqueologia, p. 313-348.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2001) — Anatomically Archaic, Behaviourally Modern: The Last Neanderthals and Their Destiny, Amsterdam, Stichting Nederlands Museum voor Anthropologie en Praehistoriae, 91 pages.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2001) — Neandertal/Modern Human Interaction in Europe, in HAYS, M.; THACKER, P. (eds.) — «Questioning the Answers: Resolving Fundamental Problems of the Early Upper Palaeolithic», British Archaeological Reports International Series 1005, Oxford, p. 13-19.
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ZILHÃO, J.; D’ERRICO, F. (2000) — A Case for Neandertal Culture. «Scientific American», 282, April New York, p. 104-105.
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ZILHÃO, J.; D’ERRICO, F. (2000) — La nouvelle «bataille aurignacienne». Une révision critique de la chronologie du Châtelperronien et de l’Aurignacien ancien. «L’Anthropologie», 104 (1), p. 17-50.
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ZILHÃO, J.; D’ERRICO, F. (1999) — The chronology and taphonomy of the earliest Aurignacian and its implications for the understanding of Neanderthal extinction. «Journal of World Prehistory», 13 (1), p. 1-68.
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ZILHÃO, J.; D’ERRICO, F. (1999) — Reply, in The Neanderthal Problem Continued. «Current Anthropology», 40 (3), p. 355-364.
PDF (689 Kb)
D’ERRICO, F.; ZILHÃO, J.; BAFFIER, D.; JULIEN, M.; PELEGRIN, J. (1998) — Neanderthal Acculturation in Western Europe? A Critical Review of the Evidence and Its Interpretation. «Current Anthropology», 39, p. S1-S44.
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Middle to Upper Palaeolithic Transition in Iberia
ZILHÃO, J.; ANGELUCCI, D.; BADAL-GARCÍA, E.; d’ERRICO, F.; DANIEL, F.; DAYET, L.; DOUKA, K.; HIGHAM, T. F. G.; MARTÍNEZ-SÁNCHEZ, M. J.; MONTES-BERNÁRDEZ, R.; MURCIA-MASCARÓS, S.; PÉREZ-SIRVENT, C.; ROLDÁN-GARCÍA, C.; VANHAEREN, M.; VILLAVERDE, V.; WOOD, R.; ZAPATA, J. (2010) — Symbolic Use of Marine Shells and Mineral Pigments by Iberian Neandertals. «Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA», 107 (3), p. 1023-1028.
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ZILHÃO, J.; DAVIS, S. J. M.; DUARTE, C.; SOARES, A. M. M.; STEIER, P.; WILD, E. (2010) — Pego do Diabo (Loures, Portugal): Dating the Emergence of Anatomical Modernity in Westernmost Eurasia. «PLoS ONE», 5 (1), e8880.
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VILLAVERDE, V.; EIXEA, A.; ZILHÃO, J. (2008) — Aproximación a la industria lítica del Abrigo de la Quebrada (Chelva, Valencia). «Treballs d’Arqueologia», 14, p. 213-228.
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WALKER, M. J.; GIBERT, J.; LÓPEZ, M. V.; LOMBARDI, A. V.; PÉREZ-PÉREZ, D. A.; ZAPATA, J.; ORTEGA, J.; HIGHAM, T.; PIKE, A.; SCHWENNINGER, J.-L.; ZILHÃO, J.; TRINKAUS, E. (2008) — Late Neandertals in Southeastern Iberia: Sima de las Palomas del Cabezo Gordo, Murcia, Spain. «Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA», 105 (52), p. 20631-20636.
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ZILHÃO, J.; VILLAVERDE, V. (2008) — The Middle Paleolithic of Murcia. «Treballs d’Arqueologia», 14, p. 229-248.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2006) — Chronostratigraphy of the Middle-to-Upper Paleolithic Transition in the Iberian Peninsula. «Pyrenae», 37 (1), p. 7-84.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2006) — The Aurignacian of Portugal: a Reappraisal, in MAÍLLO, J. M.; BAQUEDANO, E. (eds.) — «Miscelánea en homenaje a Victoria Cabrera», Zona Arqueológica 7, Alcalá de Henares, Museo Arqueológico Regional, Vol. I, p. 372-395.
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ZILHÃO J.; PETTITT, P. (2006) — On the New Dates for Gorham's Cave and the Late Survival of Iberian Neanderthals. «Before Farming» [online version], 2006/3, article 3, and [print version], 2006/3, article 3, p. 95-122.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2001) — Middle Palaeolithic Settlement Patterns in Portugal, in CONARD, N. (ed.) — «Settlement Dynamics of the Middle Palaeolithic and Middle Stone Age», Tübingen, Kerns Verlag, p. 597-608.
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ZILHÃO, J.; AUBRY, Th.; CARVALHO, A. F. (eds.) (2001) — Les premiers hommes modernes de la Péninsule Ibérique. Actes du Colloque de la Comission VIII de l’UISPP, Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Octobre 1998, Trabalhos de Arqueologia 17, Lisboa, Instituto Português de Arqueologia, 291 pages.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2000) — The Ebro frontier: a model for the late extinction of Iberian Neanderthals, in STRINGER, C.; BARTON, R.N.E.; FINLAYSON, C. (eds.) — «Neanderthals on the edge: 150th anniversary conference of the Forbes’ Quarry discovery, Gibraltar», Oxford, Oxbow Books, p. 111-121.
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ZILHÃO, J. (1998) — The extinction of Iberian Neandertals and its implications for the origins of modern humans in Europe, in FACCHINI, F.; PALMA DI CESNOLA, A.; PIPERNO, M.; PERETTO, C. (eds.) — «XIII International Congress of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences. Proceedings», Forlì, Abaco, vol. 2, p. 299-312.
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ZILHÃO, J. (1993) — Le passage du Paléolithique moyen au Paléolithique supérieur dans le Portugal, in CABRERA, V. (ed.) — «El orígen del hombre moderno en el Suroeste de Europa», Madrid, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, p. 127-145.
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G.E.P.P. [Grupo para o Estudo do Paleolítico Português] (1983) — A estação paleolítica de Vilas Ruivas (Ródão) — campanha de 1979. «O Arqueólogo Português», IV-1, Lisboa, p. 15-38.
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Upper Palaeolithic of Europe
BANKS, W. E.; ZILHÃO, J.; d’ERRICO, F.; KAGEYAMA, M.; SIMA, A.; RONCHITELLI, A. — Investigating links between ecology and bifacial tool types in Western Europe during the Last Glacial Maximum. «Journal of Archaeological Science», 36 (12), 2009, p. 2853-2867.
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AUBRY, Th.; ZILHÃO, J.; ALMEIDA, F. (2007) — A propos de la variabilité technique et culturelle de l’identité gravettienne au Portugal: bilan des dernières découvertes et perspectives de recherche. «Paleo», 19, p. 53-72.
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DAVIS, S. J. M.; ROBERT, I.; ZILHÃO, J. (2007) — Caldeirão cave (Central Portugal) – whose home? Hyaena, man, bearded vulture… «Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg», 259, p. 213-226.
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ALMEIDA, F.; BRUGAL, J.-Ph.; ZILHÃO, J.; PLISSON, H. (2006) — An Upper Paleolithic Pompeii: Technology, Subsistence and Paleoethnography at Lapa do Anecrial, in «From the Mediterranean basin to the Atlantic shore: Papers in Honor of Anthony Marks. Actas do IV Congresso de Arqueologia Peninsular», Faro, Promontoria Monográfica 07, p. 119-139.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2005) — Burial Evidence for the Social Differentiation of Age Classes in the Early Upper Palaeolithic, in VIALOU, D.; RENAULT-MISKOSKY, J.; PATOU-MATHIS, M. (eds.) — «Comportements des hommes du Paléolithique moyen et supérieur en Europe: territoires et milieux. Actes du Colloque du GDR 1945 du CNRS, Paris, 8-10 janvier 2003», Liège, Études et Recherches Archéologiques de l'Université de Liège 111, p. 231-241.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2002) — O Paleolítico Superior português 30 000 anos depois, in ARNAUD, J. M. (ed.) — «Arqueologia 2000. Balanço de um Século de Investigação Arqueológica em Portugal», Lisboa, Associação dos Arqueólogos Portugueses, p. 41-55.
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ELLWOOD, B. B.; HARROLD, F. B.; BENOIST, S. L.; STRAUS, L. G.; GONZALEZ MORALES, M.; PETRUSO, K.; BICHO, N.; ZILHÃO, J.; SOLER, N. (2001) — Paleoclimate and Intersite Correlations from Late Pleistocene/Holocene Cave Sites: Results from Southern Europe. «Geoarchaeology», 16 (4), p. 433-463.
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TRINKAUS, E.; BAILEY, S.; ZILHÃO, J. (2001) — Upper Palaeolithic Human Remains from the Gruta do Caldeirão, Tomar, Portugal. «Revista Portuguesa de Arqueologia», 4 (2), p. 5-17.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2001) — Le Paléolithique supérieur du Portugal. Bilan quinquennal 1997-2001, in UNION INTERNATIONALE DES SCIENCES PREHISTORIQUES ET PROTO-HISTORIQUES, COMMISSION VIII — «Le Paléolithique Supérieur Européen. Bilan Quinquennal 1996-2001», Liège, Études et Recherches Archéologiques de l'Université de Liège 97, p. 161-171.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2000) — Nature and culture in Portugal from 30,000 to 20,000 bp, in ROEBROEKS, W.; MUSSI, M.; SVOBODA, J.; FENNEMA, K. (eds.) — «Hunters of the Golden Age: The Mid Upper Palaeolithic of Eurasia 30,000-20,000 BP», Leiden, University of Leiden, p. 337-354.
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ZILHÃO, J.; AUBRY, Th.; ALMEIDA, F. (1999) — Un modèle technologique pour le passage du Gravettien au Solutréen dans le Sud-Ouest de l'Europe, in SACCHI, D. (ed.) — «Les faciès leptolithiques du nord-ouest méditerranéen: milieux naturels et culturels. XXIVe Congrès Préhistorique de France. Carcassonne, 26-30 Septembre 1994», Carcassonne, p. 165-183.
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AURA, J. E.; VILLAVERDE, V.; GONZÁLEZ MORALES, M.; GONZÁLEZ SAINZ, C.; ZILHÃO, J.; STRAUS, L. G. (1998) — The Pleistocene-Holocene transition in the Iberian Peninsula: continuity and change in human adaptations. «Quaternary International», vol. 49/50, p. 87-103.
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ELLWOOD, B. B.; ZILHÃO, J.; HARROLD, F. B.; BALSAM, W.; BURKART, B.; LONG, G. J.; DEBÉNATH, A.; BOUZOUGGAR, A. (1998) — Identification of the Last Glacial Maximum in the Upper Palaeolithic of Portugal Using Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements of Caldeirão Cave Sediments. «Geoarchaeology», 13 (1), p. 55-71.
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ZILHÃO, J. (1997) — O Paleolítico Superior da Estremadura portuguesa, 2 volumes, Lisboa, Colibri, 1159 pages.
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ZILHÃO, J.; AUBRY, Th.; ALMEIDA, F. (1997) — L’utilisation du quartz pendant la transition Gravettien-Solutréen au Portugal. «Préhistoire Anthropologie Méditerranéennes», 6, Aix-en-Provence, p. 289-303.
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ZILHÃO, J. (1997) — The Paleolithic settlement of Portuguese Estremadura after the last glacial maximum, in FULLOLA, J. M.; SOLER, N. (eds.) — «El món mediterrani desprès del Pleniglacial (18.000-12.000 BP)» (Sèrie Monogràfica, 17), Girona, Museu d’Arqueologia de Catalunya, p. 233-242.
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ZILHÃO, J. (1996) — Le Paléolithique supérieur du Portugal. Bilan quinquennal 1991-1995, in UNION INTERNATIONALE DES SCIENCES PREHISTORIQUES ET PROTO-HISTORIQUES, COMMISSION VIII — «Le Paléolithique Supérieur Européen. Rapport Quinquennal 1991-1995», Liège, Études et Recherches Archéologiques de l'Université de Liège 76, p. 369-380.
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ZILHÃO, J.; AUBRY, Th. (1995) — La pointe de Vale Comprido et les origines du Solutréen. «L'Anthropologie», 99 (1), Paris, p. 125-142.
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ZILHÃO, J.; MARKS, A. E.; FERRING, C. R.; BICHO, N. F.; FIGUEIRAL, I. (1995) — The Upper Palaeolithic of the Rio Maior basin (Portugal). Preliminary results of a 1987-1993 Portuguese-American research project. «Trabalhos de Antropologia e Etnologia», 35 (4), p. 69-88.
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MARKS, A. E.; BICHO, N.; ZILHÃO, J.; FERRING, C. R. (1994) — Upper Pleistocene Prehistory in Portuguese Estremadura. Results of Preliminary Research. «Journal Of Field Archaeology», 21, Boston, p. 53-68.
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ZILHÃO, J. (1994) — La séquence chrono-stratigraphique du Solutréen portugais. «Férvedes», 1, p. 119-129.
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MARKS, A. E.; SHOKLER, J.; ZILHÃO, J. (1991) — Raw Material Usage in the Palaeolithic. The Effects of Local Availability on Selection and Economy, in MONTET-WHITE, A.; HOLEN, S. (eds.) — «Raw Material Economies among Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers», Lawrence, University of Kansas Publications in Anthropology 19, p. 127-139.
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ZILHÃO, J. (1988) — Plaquette gravée du Solutréen supérieur de la Gruta do Caldeirão (Tomar, Portugal). «Bulletin de la Société Préhistorique Française», 85 (4), p. 105-109.
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Mesolithic-Neolithic Transition
CHANDLER, H.; SYKES, B.; ZILHÃO, J. (2005) — Using ancient DNA to examine genetic continuity at the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in Portugal, in ARIAS, P.; ONTAÑÓN, R.; GARCÍA-MONCÓ, C. (eds.) — «Actas del III Congreso del Neolítico en la Península Ibérica», Santander, Monografías del Instituto Internacional de Investigaciones Prehistóricas de Cantabria 1, p. 781-786.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2004) — Algumas observações acerca do Mesolítico do interior peninsular e do modelo de passagem ao Neolítico através de colonização pioneira por via marítima, in CARVALHO, A. F. — A emergência do Neolítico no actual território português: pressupostos teóricos, modelos interpretativos e a evidência empírica. «O Arqueólogo Português», IV-21, p. 65-150.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2004) — Gruta do Caldeirão, in BOGUCKI, P.; CRABTREE, P. J. (eds.) — «Ancient Europe 8000 B.C.-A.D.1000: encyclopedia of the Barbarian World», Nova Iorque, Charles Scribner’s Sons, vol. I, p. 255-258.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2004) — Muge Shell Middens, in BOGUCKI, P.; CRABTREE, P. J. (eds.) — «Ancient Europe 8000 B.C.-A.D.1000: encyclopedia of the Barbarian World», Nova Iorque, Charles Scribner’s Sons, vol. I, p. 164-166.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2004) — The Mesolithic of Iberia, in BOGUCKI, P.; CRABTREE, P. J. (eds.) — «Ancient Europe 8000 B.C.-A.D.1000: encyclopedia of the Barbarian World», Nova Iorque, Charles Scribner’s Sons, vol. I, p. 157-164.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2003) — The Neolithic Transition in Portugal and the Role of Demic Diffusion in the Spread of Agriculture across West Mediterranean Europe, in AMMERMAN, A. J.; BIAGI, P. (eds.) — «The Widening Harvest. The Neolithic Transition in Europe: Looking Back, Looking Forward», Boston, Archaeological Institute of America, p. 207-223.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2001) — Radiocarbon evidence for maritime pioneer colonization at the origins of farming in west Mediterranean Europe. «Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA», 98, p. 14180-14185.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2000) — From the Mesolithic to the Neolithic in the Iberian Peninsula, in PRICE, T. D. (ed.) — «Europe’s First Farmers», Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, p. 144-182.
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ZILHÃO, J. (1998) — A passagem do Mesolítico ao Neolítico na costa do Alentejo. «Revista Portuguesa de Arqueologia», 1 (1), p. 27-44.
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ZILHÃO, J. (1998) — On Logical and Empirical Aspects of the Mesolithic-Neolithic Transition in the Iberian Peninsula. «Current Anthropology», 39 (5), p. 690-698.
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ZILHÃO, J. (1997) — Maritime pioneer colonisation in the early Neolithic of the west Mediterranean. Testing the model against the evidence. «Documenta Praehistorica», 24, p. 19-42.
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ZILHÃO, J. (1993) — The spread of agro-pastoral economies across Mediterranean Europe: A view from the Farwest. «Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology», 6 (1), p. 5-63.
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History and Theory of Archaeology
ZILHÃO, J. (2001) — Portugal, in MURRAY, T. (ed.) — «Encyclopedia of Archaeology. History and Discoveries», Santa Barbara CA, ABC-Clio, vol. 3, p. 1062-1071.
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ZILHÃO, J. (1993) — As origens da Arqueologia paleolítica em Portugal e a obra metodologicamente precursora de J. F. Nery Delgado. «Arqueologia e História», Série X, 3, p. 111-125.
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ZILHÃO, J. (1990) — Theoretical paradigms and practical research. A view from the Palaeolithic, in GAMITO, T. J. (ed.) — «Arqueologia Hoje», I, Faro, Universidade do Algarve, p. 220-241.
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Public Archaeology
ZILHÃO, J. (2004) — Further lessons in integrity. A final reply to Robert Bednarik. «Public Archaeology», 3 (4), p. 245-247.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2004) — Public archaeology and political dynamics in Portugal. A reply to Bednarik. «Public Archaeology», 3 (3), p. 167-183.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2003) — Prefácio, in MATEUS, J. E.; MORENO-GARCÍA, M. (eds.) — «Paleoecologia Humana e Arqueociências. Um Programa Multidisciplinar para a Arqueologia sob a Tutela da Cultura», Trabalhos de Arqueologia 29, Lisboa, Instituto Português de Arqueologia, p. 15-19.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2001) — The rock art of the Guadiana, the Alqueva dam, and the UISPP “International Commission”: a personal clarification. «World Archaeological Bulletin», 14, p. 33-56.
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ZILHÃO, J.; BAPTISTA, A. M. (2001) — Reply by Instituto Português de Arqueologia to CAR-ICOMOS Alqueva report. «World Archaeological Bulletin», 14, p. 23-32.
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Almonda Karstic System
ANGELUCCI, D.; ZILHÃO, J. (2009) — Stratigraphy and Formation Processes of the Late Pleistocene Deposit at Gruta da Oliveira, Almonda Karstic System, Torres Novas, Portugal. «Geoarchaeology», 24 (3), p. 277-310.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2009) — The Early Neolithic artifact assemblage from the Galeria da Cisterna (Almonda karstic system, Torres Novas, Portugal), in «De Méditerranée et d’ailleurs. Mélanges offerts à Jean Guilaine», Toulouse, Archives d’Écologie Préhistorique, p. 821-835.
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TRINKAUS, E.; MAKI, J.; ZILHÃO, J. (2007) — Middle Paleolithic Human Remains From the Gruta da Oliveira (Torres Novas), Portugal. «American Journal of Physical Anthropology», 134, p. 263-273.
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MARKS, A.; MONIGAL, K.; ZILHÃO, J. (2001) — The lithic assemblages of the Late Mousterian at Gruta da Oliveira, Almonda, Portugal, in ZILHÃO, J.; AUBRY, Th.; CARVALHO, A. F. (eds.) — «Les premiers hommes modernes de la Péninsule Ibérique. Actes du Colloque de la Comission VIII de l’UISPP, Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Octobre 1998», Trabalhos de Arqueologia 17, Lisboa, Instituto Português de Arqueologia, p. 145-154.
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ZILHÃO, J.; MCKINNEY, C. (1995) — Uranium-Thorium dating of Lower and Middle Paleolithic sites in the Almonda karstic system (Torres Novas, Portugal), in «3ª Reunião do Quaternário Ibérico. Actas», Coimbra, Universidade de Coimbra, p. 513-516.
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ZILHÃO, J.; MAURÍCIO, J.; SOUTO, P. (1993) — Jazidas arqueológicas do sistema cársico da nascente do Almonda. «Nova Augusta», 7, Torres Novas, p. 35-54.
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ZILHÃO, J.; MAURÍCIO, J.; SOUTO, P. (1991) — A Arqueologia da Gruta do Almonda. Resultados das escavações de 1988-89, in «Actas das IV Jornadas Arqueológicas (Lisboa, 1990)», Lisboa, Associação dos Arqueólogos Portugueses, p. 161-171.
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Côa Valley
MERCIER, N; VALLADAS, H.; AUBRY, Th.; ZILHÃO, J.; JORON, J.-L.; REYSS, J.-L.; SELLAMI, F. (2006) — Fariseu: first confirmed open-air Palaeolithic parietal art site in the Côa Valley (Portugal). «Antiquity», 80.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2003) — Vers une chronologie plus fine du cycle ancien de l’art paléolithique de la Côa : quelques hypothèses de travail, in BALBÍN, R.; BUENO, P. (eds.) — «El Arte Prehistórico desde los inícios del siglo XXI», Asociación Cultural Amigos de Ribadesella/Primer Symposium Internacional de Arte Prehistórico de Ribadesella, Ribadesella, p. 75-90.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2002) — Arte Paleolítico datado por Depósitos Arqueológicos en Fariseu (valle del río Côa, Portugal). «Panel», 1, p. 102-103.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2000) — La puesta en valor del arte rupestre del valle del Côa (Portugal). «Trabajos de Prehistoria», 57 (2), p. 57-64.
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ZILHÃO, J.; AUBRY, Th.; CARVALHO, A. F. (1999) — L’art rupestre de la vallée du Côa. Aperçu général des problèmes de recherche et de gestion. «Anthropologie et Préhistoire», 110, Bruxelas, p. 47-59.
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ZILHÃO, J. (1998) — The rock art of the Côa valley, Portugal. Significance, conservation and management. «Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites», 2 (4), Londres, p. 193-206.
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ZILHÃO, J.; AUBRY, Th.; CARVALHO, A. F.; BAPTISTA, A. M.; GOMES, M. V.; MEIRELES, J. (1997) — The Rock Art of the Côa Valley (Portugal) and its Archaeological Context: First Results of Current Research. «Journal of European Archaeology», 5 (1), p. 7-49.
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ZILHÃO, J. (1995) — The age of the Côa valley (Portugal) rock art: validation of archaeological dating to the Palaeolithic and refutation of «scientific» dating to historic or proto-historic times. «Antiquity», 69, p. 883-901.
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Lagar Velho
BAYLE, P.; MACCHIARELLI, R.; TRINKAUS, E.; DUARTE, C.; MAZURIER, A.; ZILHÃO, J. (2010) — Dental maturational sequence and dental tissue proportions in the early Upper Paleolithic child from Abrigo do Lagar Velho, Portugal. «Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA», 107 (4), p. 1338-1342.
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ALMEIDA, F.; BÁRTOLO, P.; ALVES, N.; ALMEIDA, H.; PONCE DE LÉON, M.; ZOLLIKOFER, C.; PIERSON, B.; SERRA, P.; DUARTE, C.; TRINKAUS, E.; ZILHÃO, J. (2007) — The Lapedo Child Reborn: Contributions of CT Scanning and Rapid Prototyping for an Upper Paleolithic Infant Burial and Face Reconstruction. The Case of Lagar Velho Interpretation Centre, Leiria, Portugal, in ARNOLD, D.; NICCOLUCCI, F.; CHALMERS, A. (eds.) — «The 8th International Symposium on Virtual reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage VAST (2007). Short and Project Papers from VAST2007», p. 69-73.
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ZILHÃO, J.; TRINKAUS, E. (2002) — Anatomie, contexte archéologique et sépulture de l’enfant gravettien de l’abri de Lagar Velho (Lapedo, Leiria, Portugal). «Praehistoria», 3, p. 131-145.
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ZILHÃO, J.; TRINKAUS, E. (eds.) (2002) — Portrait of the Artist as a Child. The Gravettian Human Skeleton from the Abrigo do Lagar Velho and its Archaeological Context, Trabalhos de Arqueologia 22, Lisboa, Instituto Português de Arqueologia, 610 pages.
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TRINKAUS, E.; ZILHÃO, J.; DUARTE, C. (2001) — ‘O Menino do Lapedo’: Lagar Velho 1 and perceptions of the Neandertals. «Archaeological Dialogues», 8 (1), Leiden, p. 49-69.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2001) — The Lagar Velho child and the fate of the Neanderthals. «Athena Review», 2 (4), p. 33-39.
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ZILHÃO, J.; TRINKAUS, E. (2001) — Troubling the Neandertals. A Reply to Langbroek’s ‘The Trouble with Neandertals’. «Archaeological Dialogues», 8 (2), Leiden, p. 135-142.
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ZILHÃO, J. (2000) — Fate of the Neandertals. «Archaeology», 53 (4), p. 24-31.
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DUARTE, C.; MAURÍCIO, J.; PETTITT, P. B.; SOUTO, P.; TRINKAUS, E.; VAN DER PLICHT, H.; ZILHÃO, J. (1999) — The Early Upper Palaeolithic Human Skeleton from the Abrigo do Lagar Velho (Portugal) and Modern Human Emergence in Iberia. «Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA», 96, p. 7604-7609.
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Peştera cu Oase
TRINKAUS, E.; SOFICARU, A.; DOBOŞ, A.; CONSTANTIN, S.; ZILHÃO, J.; RICHARDS. M. (2009) — Stable Isotope Evidence for Early Modern Human Diet in Southeastern Europe: Peştera cu Oase, Peştera Muierii and Peştera Cioclovina Uscată. «Materiale şi Cercetări Arheologice (serie nouă)», V, p. 5-14.
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RICHARDS, M. P.; PACHER, M.; STILLER, M.; QUILÈS, J.; HOFREITER, M.; CONSTANTIN, S.; ZILHÃO, J.; TRINKAUS, E. (2008) — Isotopic evidence for omnivory among European cave bears: Late Pleistocene Ursus spelaeus from the Peştera cu Oase, Romania. «Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA», 105 (2), p. 600-604.
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ROUGIER, H.; MILOTA, Ş.; RODRIGO, R.; GHERASE, M.; SARCINĂ, L.; MOLDOVAN, O.; ZILHÃO, J.; CONSTANTIN, S.; FRANCISCUS, R. G.; ZOLLIKOFER, C. P. E.; PONCE DE LEÓN, M.; TRINKAUS, E. (2007) — Peştera cu Oase 2 and the cranial morphology of early modern Europeans. «Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA», 104 (4), p. 1165-1170.
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TRINKAUS, E.; ZILHÃO, J. (2007) — Oase Cave: The discovery of Europe’s oldest modern humans. «Current World Archaeology», 24, p. 32-41.
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ZILHÃO J.; TRINKAUS, E.; CONSTANTIN, S.; MILOTA, Ş.; GHERASE, M.; SARCINA, L.; DANCIU, A.; ROUGIER, H.; QUILÈS, J.; RODRIGO, R. (2007) — The Peştera cu Oase people, Europe’s earliest modern humans, in MELLARS, P.; BOYLE, K.; BAR-YOSEF, O.; STRINGER, C. (eds.) — «Rethinking the Human Revolution», Cambridge, McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, p. 249-262.
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QUILES, J.; PETREA, C.; MOLDOVAN, O.; ZILHÃO, J.; RODRIGO, R.; ROUGIER, H.; CONSTANTIN, S.; MILOTA, Ş.; GHERASE, M.; SARCINĂ, L.; TRINKAUS, E. (2006) — Cave bears (Ursus spelaeus) from the Peştera cu Oase (Banat, Romania): Paleobiology and taphonomy. «Comptes Rendus Palevol», 5, p. 927-934.
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TRINKAUS, E.; ZILHÃO, J.; ROUGIER, H.; RODRIGO, R.; MILOTA, Ş.; GHERASE, M.; SARCINĂ, L.; MOLDOVAN, O.; BALTEAN, I.; CODREA, V.; BAILEY, S. E.; FRANCISCUS, R. G.; PONCE DE LEÓN, M.; ZOLLIKOFER, C. P. E. (2006) — The Peştera cu Oase and early modern humans in southeastern Europe, in CONARD, N. J. (ed.) — «When Neanderthals and Modern Humans Met», Tübingen, Kerns Verlag, p. 145-164.
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TRINKAUS, E.; BĂLTEAN, I. C.; CONSTANTIN, S.; GHERASE, M.; HOROI, V; MILOTA, Ş.; MOLDOVAN, O.; PETREA, C.; QUILES, J.; RODRIGO, R.; ROUGIER, H.; SARCINĂ, L.; SOFICARU, A.; ZILHÃO, J. (2005) — Asupra oamenilor moderni timpurii din Banat: Peştera cu Oase. «Banatica», 17, p. 9-27.
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